Python Image Resize With Pillow and OpenCV

What Is Python Image-Resize?

Python is a popular object-oriented programming language for image-related tasks for webpages, visualizations, or when using Python for machine-learning operations through frameworks like OpenCV and Scikit Learn.

Reducing the size of an image means changing its dimensions by removing its pixels. Scaling up an image increases the number of its pixels but lowers quality. Either way, the image’s aspect ratio changes, which results in distortion.

This article describes how to resize images in bulk with the Pillow library, a popular fork of the Python Imaging Library (PIL); and, to maintain the quality and aspect ratio, in OpenCV, a robust library of programming functions for computer vision. Also explained is how to resize and crop Python images with Cloudinary through automation.

• Resize Images in Python With Pillow
• Resize Images in Python With OpenCV
• Resize and Crop Images in Python With Cloudinary Through Automation

Resize Images in Python With Pillow

Pillow is a fork of the Python Imaging Library (PIL) that supports Python 3 and numerous image formats, including PNG, JPEG, TIFF, and PPM. When you load an image from a file, create a new image, or generate separate instances for images, you create an instance of PIL’s Image class.

To resize an image with Pillow’s resize() method:

1. Import the PIL image class:
   1. from PIL import Image
2. Load the image from a file with the open() function:
   1. image = Image.open('myimage.jpg')

   The above command returns an Image object. In case of failure, the command returns an OSError exception.

3. Call the resize() method on the new image instance, passing a tuple argument with two integers to specify the width and height you desire:
   1. image = Image.open('myimage.jpg')
   2. new_image = image.resize((500, 500))
   3. new_image.save('myimage_500.jpg')

   Note: Instead of modifying the image file, this function returns a separate Image instance with the new dimensions.

The resize() method has two drawbacks, however:

• Oftentimes, resizing to an exact width and height changes the image’s aspect ratio, leading to distortions.
• If you set the size of the new instance to be larger than that of the original, resize() “blows up” the instance, reducing its quality.

As a solution, resize the image with the more advanced Pillow method, thumbnail():

1. Perform steps 1 and 2 of the above procedure.
2. Call the thumbnail() method on the Image instance, passing a tuple argument with two integers to specify the width and height you desire:
   1. image = Image.open('demo_image.jpg')
   2. image.thumbnail((400, 400))
   3. image.save('image_thumbnail.jpg')
   4. print(image.size) # Output: (400, 350)

As shown under print, the size of the new instance is 400×350 pixels. The aspect ratio of the original image remains unchanged. In addition, if the dimensions of the original are smaller than that specified for the new instance, instead of “blowing up” the image, thumbnail() returns an instance of the same size.

Resize Images in Python With OpenCV

OpenCV is an open-source computer-vision library with thousands of machine-learning and deep-learning algorithms for face detection, object recognition, and many other computer-vision tasks. Given that numerous computer-vision models require a certain size and quality level for their images, resizing is critical. To determine which image variation performs best, experiment with different sizes or resolutions.

Here is the full syntax for the resize() method in OpenCV:

cv2.resize(src, dsize, fx, fy, interpolation)

The parameters are as follows:

Note: Apply either dsize or fx and fy, or all three.

To perform a simple resizing task with OpenCV:

1. Import the OpenCV library:
   1. import cv2
   2. import matplotlib.pyplot as plt
2. Acquire a sample image and specify its current size:
   1. #read image
   2. img=cv2.imread("myimage.jpg")
   3. print('Image Width is',img.shape[1])
   4. print('Image Height is',img.shape[0])
3. Resize the image of, say, a size of 800×600 pixels, to 300×300 pixels:
   1. cv2.resize(img, (300,300))

As in the previous example on resizing images with Pillow’s resize() method, this procedure changes the aspect ratio, causing distortions. To maintain that ratio, run the following command to resize the image to 75% of its width and height:

img_75 = cv2.resize(img, None, fx = 0.75, fy = 0.75)

In addition, for a resized instance that is larger than the original, you can customize the interpolation of the resize operation. Even though doing that causes quality loss, it might be the right choice for certain computer-vision applications.

Here are the values for the interpolation argument:

Resize and Crop Python Images With Cloudinary Through Automation

A cloud-based service for managing images and videos, Cloudinary offers a generous free-forever subscription plan. While on that platform, you can upload images and apply built-in effects, filters, and modifications.

You can also resize images through automation, focusing on the most important elements with AI, or adapt them to your website design by, for example, specifying the width, height, and aspect ratio as qualifiers for the new image instances. Cloudinary then automatically performs the resizing and cropping tasks to meet the criteria. No manual efforts are required.

Take this 1,200×1,200-pixel image:

Resizing it to 200×200 pixels with crop, scale, fill, and pad results in the following images:

Original Image

Focus on the model in a portrait crop

Detect the face for a thumbnail crop

To automate image resizing and cropping on Cloudinary:

1. Sign up for a free Cloudinary account.
2. Install the Python SDK.
3. Set the transformation criteria for the above examples:

   # Focus on the model in a portrait crop.
   
   CloudinaryImage("docs/model.jpg").image(gravity="person", height=600, width=450, crop="fill")
   
   # Detect the face for a thumbnail crop.
   
   CloudinaryImage("docs/model.jpg").image(gravity="face", height=250, width=250, crop="thumb")
   
   # Crop to a banner, automatically focusing on a region of interest.
   
   CloudinaryImage("docs/model.jpg").image(gravity="auto", height=150, width=600, crop="fill")